NeuroOncology
Neuro-oncology is a specialized field of medicine that focuses on the study, diagnosis, and treatment of tumors and cancers of the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord. Neuro-oncologists are medical professionals who specialize in managing and treating these complex conditions.
Common Types of Neurological Tumors:
- Brain Tumors: These can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Common types include gliomas, meningiomas, and metastatic brain tumors (tumors that spread from other parts of the body to the brain).
- Spinal Cord Tumors: Tumors that develop within or near the spinal cord can be benign or malignant. These tumors can disrupt the normal function of the spinal cord.
- Peripheral Nervous System Tumors: While not in the CNS, tumors can also affect the peripheral nervous system, including peripheral nerves and ganglia. Neurofibromas are one example.
Risk Factors:
- The exact causes of most primary brain tumors are not known, but some factors like exposure to radiation and certain genetic syndromes may increase the risk.
Symptoms:
- Symptoms of neurological tumors can vary widely based on the type, location, and size of the tumor. Common symptoms may include headaches, seizures, changes in behavior or personality, weakness, numbness, problems with coordination, and changes in vision or speech.
Treatment:
- Treatment options depend on the type of tumor, its location, and its stage. Common treatments may include surgery to remove the tumor, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and palliative care.
