Head Neck Cancers
Head and neck cancers are a group of malignancies that originate in the tissues and organs of the head and neck region. This includes areas such as the mouth, throat, voice box, sinuses, nasal cavity, and salivary glands.
Common Types:
- Oral Cavity Cancer: Occurs in the mouth, including the lips, gums, tongue, and inner lining of the cheeks.
- Pharyngeal Cancer: Develops in the throat and includes the nasopharynx (behind the nose), oropharynx (back of the mouth), and hypopharynx (lower throat).
- Laryngeal Cancer: Affects the voice box (larynx).
- Sinus and Nasal Cavity Cancer: Begins in the sinuses or nasal passages.
- Salivary Gland Cancer: Originates in the salivary glands, which produce saliva.
Risk Factors:
- Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are major risk factors.
- Some strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV) are linked to oropharyngeal cancer.
Symptoms:
- Persistent sore throat
- Difficulty swallowing
- Unexplained weight loss
- A lump or sore that doesn't heal
- Changes in voice
- Ear pain
Prevention:
- Lifestyle changes like quitting smoking and reducing alcohol consumption.
- Practicing safe sex to reduce HPV exposure.
- Maintaining good oral hygiene.
- Regular dental check-ups for early detection.
